sous-chef

sous-chef
noun
a chef's assistant
Origin: Fr, lit., under-chef

put a person to shame

♣put [bring] a person to ∼⑴ 아무에게 창피를[모욕·무안을] 주다, 아무의 면목[체면]을 잃게 하다.⑵ 아무를 훨씬 앞지르다, 아무를 무색케 하다.

Growing Up -- Chapter Four

foist [fɔist] vt. (부정한 사항을) 몰래 삽입하다[써넣다], 혼란한 틈을 타서 집어넣다(in; into); (가짜 따위를) 억지로 떠맡기다, (속여서) 사게 하다; (작품·문서 따위를) 속여서[잘못하여] ┅의 작(作)으로 하다(on). ┈┈•∼ a book on a person 저작물을 아무의 작이라고 속이다. ♣∼ something (off) on a person 아무에게 용케 무엇을 떠맡기다.

pauper [pɔ́ːpər] n.〖역사〗 (구빈법(救貧法)의 적용을 받는) 극빈자, 피구호민; 빈민; 거지; 〖법률〗 (소송 비용을 면제받는) 빈민.㉺∼dom ―n. 「집합적」 빈민, 영세민; U 빈궁, 빈곤.㉺∼ism ―n. U 요구호 대상자임, 빈궁; 「집합적」 요구호 대상자, 빈민. pauper [pɔ́ːpər] a.빈민의, 빈곤한.

conurbation [kɑ̀nəːrbéiʃən / kɔ̀n-] n.집합 도시(몇 개의 도시가 팽창 접근하여 한 개의 대도시로 간주되는 것), 대도시권, 광역 도시권.

highball [-bɔ̀ːl] v.―vi. (속어) (열차가) 최대 속도로 달리다.―vt. (속어) (열차 운전사에게) 출발 신호를 하다.

isinglass [áiziŋglæs, -glɑ̀ːs] n. U 부레풀, 젤라틴; 〖광물〗 운모(雲母)(mica).

sconce [skɑns / skɔns] n.(벽 따위에 설비한) 쑥 내민 촛대; 납작한 손잡이가 달리 촛대.

cad [kæd] n.상스러운 사내, 천격(賤格)스런 사람, 악당; (영국학생속어) (대학가의) 일반인.

†pomade, pomatum [pɑméid, poumɑ́ːd], [pouméitəm, -mɑ́ː-] n.U 포마드, 향유, 머릿기름.

settee [setíː] n.(등널이 있는) 긴 의자.

Growing Up -- Chapter Five

jocularity
1.우스꽝스러움, 익살맞음; 익살스러운 말투[짓].

cadaverous
1.시체의; 죽은 사람 같은, 창백한; 말라빠진.



a blithe spirit 유쾌한 인물(사람), 호인



shoo something out: 쉬이 하고 쫓아 내다.



heathenish [híːðəniʃ] a.이교(도)의; 비기독교적인; 야만의, 미개한.

soft in the head: 머리가 모자란 (dull)

go soft in the head: 노망 들다.

slide an icicle into someone's heart: 가슴에 비수를 꽂다.

good riddance: 귀찮은 것을 떼어내어서 시원함

play the duchess: = give oneself airs

penal colony

penal colony [settlement]
1.죄수 유형지, 범죄자 식민지.


Pinot Noir [[piːnóu nwɑ́ːr]
【F.】 적포도주용의 Pinot종 포도; 그것으로 만든 적포도주.

chardonnay [ʃɑ̀ːrdənéi] n.
샤르도네(희고 쌉살한 테이블 와인).

celery [séləri] n.
〖식물〗 셀러리.

Degustation is a culinary term meaning "a careful, appreciative tasting of various foods" and focusing on the gustatory system, the senses, high culinary art and good company.

gustatory [gʌ́stətɔ̀ːri / -təri] a.
〖해부학·생리〗 맛의; 미각의.
┈┈•∼ bud 미뢰(味蕾) (혀에 있는 미각 기관).
┈┈•∼ nerve 미각 신경.

Ayurveda (Sanskrit: आयुर्वेद; Āyurveda, the "science of life") Ayurvedic medicine is a system of traditional medicine native to the Indian subcontinent[1] and practiced in other parts of the world as a form of alternative medicine.

hambone
1.<연극> (특히 가벼운 희가극(喜歌劇)의) 검둥이.

corny [kɔ́ːrni] a. (cornier; -iest)
① 곡물[옥수수]의; 곡물이 풍부한.
② (구어) 촌스러운, 세련되지 않은, 시시한.
③ (구어) (익살이) 진부한, 구식의.
④ (구어) (재즈 따위) 감상적인 ([opp.] hot); 멜로드라마적인.
㉺cornily ―ad.
㉺-iness ―n. 곡물이 풍부함.

prurient [prúəriənt] a.
호색의, 음란한; (욕망·호기심으로) 좀이 쑤시는.
㉺-ence, ─ency [-əns], [-ənsi] ―n. U 호색, 색욕, 음란; 열망.
㉺∼ly ―ad.

clunky [klʌ́ŋki] a. (cunkier; -iest)
① (거북스레) 무거운; 모양새 없는.

Crizotinib (also known as PF-02341066 or 1066), is an ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) inhibitor of the aminopyridine chemical series that is being developed by Pfizer Incorporated.

Cisplatin, cisplatinum, or cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g. small cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, and germ cell tumors.

†hoary [hɔ́ːri] a.
① 회백색의; 나이 먹어 하얗게 된, 백발의; 늙은.
② 고색이 창연한(ancient); 나이 들어 점잖은; 진부한.
③ 〖식물·곤충〗 회백색의 솜털로 덮인; (식물이) 회백색 잎이 있는.
㉺hoarily ―ad.

melanoma [mèlənóumə] n. (pl. ∼s, -ta [-tə])
〖의학〗 흑색종(腫).

tamoxifen [təmɑ́ksəfən / -mɔ́k-]n.
〖약학〗 암세포 발정호르몬 수체(受體)를 마비시키는 항종양성(抗腫瘍性) 약(유방암 치료제)

Aromatase is an enzyme that is responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of estrogens. Because estrogens also promote certain cancers and other diseases, aromatase inhibitors are frequently used to treat those diseases.

Chronic myelogenous (or myeloid) leukemia (CML), also known as chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), is a cancer of the white blood cells. It is a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood.

Lymphoblasts are immature cells which typically differentiate to form mature lymphocytes. Normally lymphoblasts are found in the bone marrow, but in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), lymphoblasts proliferate uncontrollably and are found in large numbers in the peripheral blood.

full-bore [fúlbɔ̀ːːr] a.
최고속[최강력]으로 움직이는[작동하는].

full-bore [fúlbɔ̀ːːr] ad.
최대한으로, 최고속[최강력]으로.

kinase [káineis, kín-] n.
U 〖생화학〗 키나아제.
In chemistry and biochemistry, a kinase[1], alternatively known as a phosphotransferase, is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP[2], to specific substrates. The process is referred to as phosphorylation, not to be confused with phosphorolysis, which is carried out by phosphorylases. Phosphorylation is the transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule, not the reverse, i.e., phosphorolysis, the transfer of a molecular moiety to a phosphate group. An enzyme that removes phosphate groups is known as a phosphatase.

hit pay dirt
1. Fig. to discover something of value. (Alludes to discovering valuable ore.) Sally tried a number of different jobs until she hit pay dirt. I tried to borrow money from a lot of different people. They all said no. Then when I went to the bank, I hit pay dirt.
2. Fig. to get great riches. After years of poverty, the writer hit pay dirt with his third novel. Jane's doing well. She really hit pay dirt with her new business.

Tack on

Tack on
Meaning: Add something that wasn't planned
Example: They TACKED ON a new ending to the film when they found that test audiences didn't like the original.



consternation [kɑ̀nstərnéiʃən / kɔ̀n-] n.U 섬뜩 놀람, 소스라침, 당황.

♣in [with] ∼ 당황하여.♣throw a person into ∼ 아무를 깜짝 놀라게 하다.



listen in on a phone conversation: 전화를 엿듣다.

= overhear a phone conversation



habeas corpus [héibiəs-kɔ́ːrpəs] n.【L.】 〖법률〗 출정영장(구속 적부 심사를 위해 피(被)구속자를 법정에 출두시키는 영장).



Kafkaesque (comparative more Kafkaesque, superlative most Kafkaesque)
Marked by a senseless, disorienting, often menacing complexity.
Kafkaesque bureaucracies
Marked by surreal distortion and often a sense of impending danger.
In the manner of something written by Franz Kafka.



roll over for someone : =knuckle under to someone ~에게 항복하다.



skittish = whimsical, capricious, wayward, fanciful, erratic



frazzle
a state of nervous and physical exhaustion.



out of touch

=lacking a connection, groundless



jingoism [dngouzm]
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단어장에 추가
1.강경 외교론[정책], 맹목적 애국주의.



antic
1.익살맞은 동작, 광대짓.
2.<고어> 이상한, 별난, 기괴한; 익살맞은.
3.(-ticked; -tick•ing) 익살부리다, 까불다.



demur
1. 반대하다, 이의를 제기하다[to, at].
[~+(前)+(名)] ~ to a suggestion 제안에 반대하다
~ at working overtime 초과 근무에 반대하다.
2. 〈법률〉 항변하다.



lord over ~ : 안하 무인으로 뽐내다.

voice-over
1.(TV·영화 따위의 화면에 나타나지 않는) 해설자의 목소리; (침묵한 화면의 인물의) 마음 속을 말하는 목소리.
2.화면에 나타나지 않고 (목소리만으로).
3.(프로그램 등에) 화면 밖에서 해설을 달다.

stub《美》 (수표장 따위의) 보관용 부본, 대지(臺紙).



carp 허물을 들추다, (하찮은 일로) 나무라다, 트집을 잡다(out, on)[at, about].
~ at minor errors 사소한 잘못을 나무라다.
━ 트집, 불평, 푸념.



Sail trimming is the art of adjusting your sails to make the best use of the wind in moving your boat forward. You know that you have trimmed your sails well when the telltales on them are flying and your boat is moving well for the conditions it is in.

nativism
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단어장에 추가
1.이민 배척주의[정책]; 원주민 문화 보호[부활] (정책); 토착(土着)주의.

due process
1.<법률> 정당한 법 절차.

When the dust clears

He died in my lap

fedayeen: a suicide bomber

pack a change of clothes: pack clothes to change old ones for

extraction 계통, 가계, 혈통.
a man of German ~ 독일계 사람. = a man of German descent



calisthenic《한정용법》 미용[유연] 체조의



think back on ~

overland journey: 육상 여행

starstruck
1.스타들[스타 세계]에 매혹된.

The boy wrote a last will and testament: 유언장을 썼다.

wraith 1.(사람이 죽기 전후에 나타난다는)생령(生靈).
2.(일반적으로) 망령, 유령.
3.(실체가 없는) 그림자 같은 것, 환영.
ex) While bin Laden himself may have vanished like a wraith, intelligence about other militant leaders in the Pakistani tribal areas has markdly improved in the past couple of years.

disaffected
1.(정부·위정자에게) 불평[불만]을 품은[to, toward]; 싫증이 난, 정나미가 떨어진.

firebrand
1.불붙은 나무 토막, 관솔, 횃불.
2.선동자.
3.정열가, 정력가.

ill-disguised=Poorly hidden or concealed: ill-disguised animosity.

toreador [tɔ́ːriədɔ̀ːr, tɑ́r- / tɔ́r-] n. 【Sp.】 기마투우사(오늘날 투우 용어로는 ((폐어). [cf.] matador, picator.

offhand
1.준비 없이, 즉각; 즉석에서, 그 자리에서, 선 채로.
2.(…에 대해) 오만하게, 퉁명스럽게, 무뚝뚝하게[with].
3.즉답[즉석]의. =off-the-cuff

pinstripe [pínstràip] n.① 세로의 가는 줄무늬.② 그 무늬의 옷(=∼́ sùit)(전통적으로 실업가가 입음).③ 부자.㉺∼d ―a.

cross the boundary of decency 금도를 넘다

workfare [wə́ːrkfɛ̀əːr] n. (노동 장려를 위한) 복지제도; 근로자 재교육.

pillory [píləri] vt.칼을 씌워 여러 사람 앞에 보이다; 웃음거리로 만들다.



throe [ɵrou] n. (보통 pl.) 격통, 고민; (pl.) 진통, 산고(産苦); (pl.) 단말마의 고통; (pl.) 과도기[시련기]의 혼란[갈등].♣in the ∼s of (문제·일 등)에 필사적으로 달려붙어; ┅이 한창일 때: in the ∼s of a revolution 혁명이 한창일 때에.

spat =n.(드물게) 손바닥으로 때리기; 【미국】 승강이, 말다툼; 후두두하는 빗소리.

paper over (불화·결점 등을) 숨기다, 호도(糊塗)하다, 얼버무리다.

leery of = wary of

acolyte [ǽkəlàit] n. 〖가톨릭〗(미사 때 신부를 돕는) 복사(服事); 조수; 신참자(新參者); 〖천문학〗 위성.

confab [kɑ́nfæb / kɔ́n-] n. (구어)=CONFABULATION.

confabulate [kənfǽbjəlèit] vi. 서로[허물없이] 이야기하다, 담소하다(with). ㉺confabulation [-ʃən] U 간담, 담소; 허물없이 하는 의논.㉺confabulator ―n.㉺-latory [-lətɔ̀ːri / -lətəri] ―a. 담소적인.

Pooh-Bah [púːbɑ̀ː] n.(때로 p-b-) 많은 역(役)을 겸하는 사람; 높은 사람, 고관; 거만한 사람(회가극 The Mikado 중의 인물 이름에서).

thick on the tongue = dry, boring (문체가) 무미건조한

press time = the time of publication

ex) by press time: 발행될 때까지

at press time: 발행될 당시에

The guy I met at Sedong Hospital (2)

"Do you have any other material to read? I'd like to read something, too," he said.

I showed him the only other reading material I brought there: The latest issue of Newsweek magazine. "I only have this. Would you care to read it?"
"Thank you." He snatched it happily and went back to his bed.
Minutes passed. From across the old man's bed he asked, "I remember Galilee is the name of a mountain appearing in the Bible. Am I right?" Now it seemed his stuttering was a habit grown out of his intention to avoid inadvertently offending the listener, by making himself look dull or even handicapped—though the habit looked part of him and so irreversible.
He was reading a book-introducing page, "Ready for his Close-up," and the name "Galilee" appeared there. I hadn't yet read till that page and didn't even have any idea what Galilee is. I told him so and said, "Let's search the Internet for it." He got over to my side again. I produced my tiny laptop. On Google, Galilee turned out to be quite famous indeed and there was a complete description of it on Wikipedia. The search result showed Galilee is used in multiple things in the Israel-Palestine region including a lake and there really is "Galilee Mountains" there. I could sense that he was knowledgeable of some English Biblical terms.
From then on he almost stuck to me. He talked about anything coming to mind: books, movies, directors, a video game, cartoons, and so on. Looked like he knew a little bit of everything, not to mention how to talk in English. He said he habituates the Kyobo book store downtown Daegu to have a chance to talk with English speakers often appearing in the English books corner. I started to wonder what kind of background he was coming from.
"What do you do for a living?" I asked. "I'm a handyman, doing manual work. I'm recently learning higher skills—cement plastering." "It will let you earn much money," I perked him up but he was literally a manual laborer—so called a "nogada" man. I had to know how long he had been in that business. "Ever since graduation from high school" was his answer.
At night I treated him to a can of soft drink from a vending machine at a lounge. Our conversation proceeded fluently on many things both personal and non-personal. I let him know enough about me and vice versa did he. He was a video game expert, specializing in only one item called Cheolgwon. He introduced me to the wide and exciting world of Cheolgwon. He had a wish to open a video game arcade if he earns some money—so ingenuous and pragmatic a dream—because that video game is so popular according to him.
He confessed he was innately born with a trait for books. Reading cartoons and fables was his childhood pastime. He was doing pretty well in school and going to university used to be thought to be on his life's natural path. But his father's business went bankrupt when he was a senior in high school and he was forced to make money right after graduation. He was not a lucky boy but he looked happy and content with what he had.

 

The guy I met at Sedong Hospital (1)

I don't know his name.
I was reading Growing Up, lying on the bed. To my left were two beds and this man was lying on the farther bed. The old guy right on the left side was talking about children of one of his acquaintances and this younger guy was listening, me overhearing it. In one moment I noticed the younger guy straining his brain so diligently to remember the right term for "the program to work while traveling in Australia." I knew the answer to his question and so let him know what it is: Working Holiday.
Now thinking back, that simple and little kindness of mine--precisely it was out of my desire to stop the distraction of having to hear his repeated muttering of "What is it? I used to know what it is... What is it? I used to know..."--may have triggered this talkative man to get interested in poking me.
Soon he walked up to my side and asked what kind of book I was reading. Expecting a surprise from him, I let him see pages I was reading--written in English--but he didn't show any sign of surprise. Instead, this stuttering, plain manual-laborer-looking man went on to ask me what genre it belongs to and who the author is. Inside me, I was cynical: "Hey, do you ever know Russell Baker? Have you ever read any book written in English, let alone an autobiography?" However, I kindly and diplomatically answered all his questions. As expected he didn't know the author's name nor the book, but he continued to poke me.

To be continued.

A car crash

It happened last Saturday. My car was hit by a Santa Fe SUV. All I remember is that I pressed on the brake pedal at red lights. There was a sudden, unexpected bang and my head hit the headrest quite hard, and then a calm moment persisted for a while until I figured out what had just happened. A car hit my Sonata on the back.

When I managed to see what was behind me on the side mirror, a 50-something-looking woman got out of her SUV and started to walk up fast toward me as if she was charging toward an enemy on a battle field. When I opened my door, immediately all hell broke loose out of her dirty mouth—those swearing words and curses. But actually there was no point in her argument that I should have run the red light.

"So, should I have run the red light? What the hell are you talking about? Shut up!" was my response.

I called my wife, who was then at home nearby, having her call our insurance company on her way to the scene. There were honks from cars passing by, and soon police arrived, presumably acting on reports by passers-by grumbling about the traffic jam caused by two stopped cars on the road. Then arrived unnecessarily-many towing vehicles. And then insurers from each side arrived. The woman, who was the perpetrator, kept noisy until the accident was finally declared as 100 percent her fault. My car was towed away to a Hyundai car service center for repair and we received a rental car for use until we take back our car.

I went to a nearby hospital and went through a normal procedure including an X-ray picture-taking. Both I and my wife agreed that the perpetrator’s behavior was inexcusable and so disgusting that I had to do something. I had myself admitted to the hospital--something I had never done before in my life, and it was in that 8-people room that I met an interesting man.

To be continued...

Growing up

Last week I bought the book "Growing Up" written by Russell Baker. In fact, it is a second-hand one for which I paid 6,000 wons including the shipping cost. His essay "The roots of my ambition" had triggered me to seek to read more of his writings and I have finally ended up with this 30-year-old book--the year of printing appearing in the book is 1981. It smelled so bad as if it had been placed in a toilet for a good 10 years. I sprayed it with febriz exhuberantly and, as if it wasn't enough, had it sterilized in a UV-enabled book cleaner in a public library.

Fortunately, though, the book is meeting my anticipation more than enough at least so far. Russell Baker really seems to have a knack for writing and amout to the status of a Pulitzer prize winner. One interesting fact I got to learn from his description of his hometown in Virginia around the turn of the 19th-to-20th Century is that life was just as harsh there as in Korea's hard times, and Russell's grandmother and mother were just like plain Korean grandmothers and mothers you could have easily met in your neighborhood. After all, we are all of the same human species and so have so much in common.

leave to (one's) own devices

leave to (one's) own devices

To allow to do as one pleases: left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.

Regards,

Jongho Kim